[No. 34280. Department Two. Supreme Court November 21, 1957.]
LEMPCO PRODUCTS, INC., Appellant, v. LEONARD T. PHILLIPS
et al., Respondents.«1»
[1] EVIDENCE - PAROL EVIDENCE AFFECTING WRITINGS - EVIDENCE TO SHOW CONDITION PRECEDENT. If an oral condition is a condition precedent to the formation of a contract, oral testimony regarding it is not barred by the parol evidence rule.
[2] SAME. In an action for the purchase price of a machine, in which the plaintiff introduced in evidence a "sales order" which was executed at the time of the delivery of the machine and was signed by one of the defendants, held that the trial court properly admitted testimony that the defendants had a right to try out the machine as a condition precedent to the conclusion of a sale.
[3] SALES - REMEDIES OF SELLER - ACTIONS FOR PRICE - EVIDENCE - ADMISSIBILITY - EXISTENCE OF DEFECTS AT TIME OF DELIVERY. In an action for the purchase price of a machine, the trial court properly admitted evidence of the existence of defects in the machine at the time it was delivered, even though they were not pleaded; such evidence being relevant to the reasonableness of the defendant's dissatisfaction with the machine, a satisfactory tryout of which was the condition precedent to the sale.
Appeal from a judgment of the superior court for King county, No. 501467, Ennis, J., entered February 8, 1957, upon findings in favor of the defendants, in an action on contract, tried to the court. Affirmed.
Eddleman & Wheeler (Arnold B. Robbins, of counsel), for appellant.
Frederick W. Post, for respondent.
MALLERY, J. -
The plaintiff's agent and the defendants entered into an oral agreement for the delivery of a pistonreamer machine on trial, which the defendants agreed to buy if it proved satisfactory.
The defendants found the machine unsatisfactory, and this action was brought to recover the purchase price. From a judgment for the defendants, the plaintiff appeals.
The appellant introduced a "sales order" in evidence, which was executed at the time of the delivery of the machine and was signed by the respondent Leonard T. Phillips.
«1» Reported in 317 P. (2d) 1060.
[1] See 20 Am. Jur. 955.
Nov. 1957] LEMPCO PRODUCTS v. PHILLIPS. 335
The appellant contends that the written "sales order" is integrated with the oral contract, and that the absence of a provision therein for trial and approval of the machine results in the sale being absolute.
The appellant then argues that the oral testimony regarding the trial of the machine contradicts the "sales order" and is inadmissible under the parol evidence rule.
The trial court admitted testimony to the effect that the respondents had a right to try out the machine as a condition precedent to the conclusion of a sale.
[1] If an oral condition is in fact a condition precedent to the formation of a contract, oral testimony regarding it is not barred by the parol evidence rule. In Fleming v. August, 48 Wn. (2d) 131, 291 P. (2d) 639, we said:
"We think the test is this: If the parties agree that the contract shall not be a binding obligation until some event occurs, it is delivered upon a condition precedent. On the other hand, if it is agreed that the contract will cease to be binding if some event occurs in the future, then it is delivered upon a condition subsequent, and parol evidence of the agreement would not be admissible because it would vary the terms of and contradict the written contract."
[2] The trial court's finding that the respondents had a right to try out the machine and was a condition precedent to a binding contract is supported by the record. Accordingly, we hold that the parol evidence rule did not bar the admission of the evidence in question.
[3] The appellant contends the court erred in admitting evidence of the existence of defects in the machine at the time it was delivered, for the reason that they were not pleaded and, hence, were not an issue in the case.
We think the evidence was relevant to the question of the reasonableness of the respondents' dissatisfaction with the machine, a satisfactory tryout of which was the condition precedent to the sale.
The judgment is affirmed.
HILL, C.J., DONWORTH, ROSELLINI, and FOSTER, JJ., concur.
January 24, 1958. Petition for rehearing denied.